NULL – SQL Server Syntax Example: NULL – T-SQL Example
NULL – SQL Server Syntax Example: NULL – T-SQL Example
Purpose: – Illustrates the SQL Server syntax for the NULL.
SYNTAX:
SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ]
[TOP ( expression ) [PERCENT] [ WITH TIES ] ]
column_list
[ INTO new_table ]
[ FROM { table_source } [ ,…n ] ]
[ WHERE expression IS [ NOT ] NULL
[ GROUP BY ]
[ HAVING search_condition ]
[ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ]
PURPOSE:
NULL is used in comparisions to determine if column is NULL
Code Sample for NULL:
/* NULL example from http://idealprogrammer.com PURPOSE: NULL is used in comparisions to determine if column is NULL SYNTAX: expression IS [ NOT ] NULL SELECT [ ALL | DISTINCT ] [TOP ( expression ) [PERCENT] [ WITH TIES ] ] column_list, ISNULL(check_expression, replacement_value) [ INTO new_table ] [ FROM { table_source } [ ,...n ] ] [ WHERE column IS [ NOT ] NULL] [ GROUP BY ] [ HAVING search_condition ] [ ORDER BY order_expression [ ASC | DESC ] ] */ CREATE TABLE people( ID int, firstname varchar (20), lastname varchar (20), statecode varchar (2), alive bit, height int ) GO INSERT INTO people (ID, firstname, lastname, statecode, alive) --height is null VALUES (1, 'Paul', 'Revere', 'AL', 0) GO INSERT INTO people (ID, firstname, lastname, statecode, alive, height) VALUES (2, 'Pat', 'Lennon', 'NY', 0, 69) GO INSERT INTO people (ID, firstname, lastname, statecode, alive, height) VALUES (3, 'Peter', 'Martin', 'NY', 1, 75) GO INSERT INTO people (ID, firstname, lastname, statecode, alive, height) VALUES (4, 'George', 'Washington', 'VA', 0, 75) GO -- Select entire table SELECT 'Entire Table', * FROM people -- 1. Example of using IS NOT NULL SELECT 'Example #1' as Example, firstname, lastname, height FROM people p WHERE height IS NOT NULL GO -- 2. Example of using IS NULL SELECT 'Example #2' as Example, firstname, lastname, height FROM people p WHERE height IS NULL GO -- 3. Example showing that you should not use = with NULL -- Expecting 1 row but getting none -- Comparison operators return UNKNOWN when either or both arguments are NULL. SELECT 'Example #3' as Example, firstname, lastname, height FROM people p WHERE height = NULL GO -- 4. Example of how COUNT ignores NULLS -- 4 rows in table, but COUNT(height) returns a count of 3 SELECT 'Example #4' as Example, COUNT(height) FROM people p GO DROP TABLE people; GO |